Insensible water loss in extremely preterm infants cared for in incubators with 70% and 90% relative humidity
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Improved linear growth after routine zinc supplementation in preterm very low birth weight infants
This study was designed (1) to compare growth, morbidity and mortality in < 33-week gestational age (GA) (very preterm, VPT) or very low birth weight (BW < 1500 grams, VLBW) infants before (Epoch-1) and after implementing routine enteral zinc (Zn) supplementation (Epoch-2) to meet recommendations, and (2) to assess serum Zn levels and associated variables.
Evidence for compositional abilities in one-year-old infants
Compositionality is a means of constructing complex objects through the transformation and combination of simpler elements. While it is common to view compositionality as inherently complex, and thus to assume that compositionality is a byproduct of advanced language expertise, we argue otherwise. We propose that, although compositionality produces complex outcomes, the underlying processes are simple and can often be reduced to the general mechanism of function application. Accordingly, we explore the origins of compositionality not only in compositional language but also, and at an earlier stage, in the development of compositional representations and thoughts in young infants. Infants correctly composed simple noun-verb sentences at 14 months, facial expressions with objects at 12 months, and mental physical transformations at 10 months. This offers evidence for function application, the essence of compositionality, in infancy—emerging well before and outside the development of compositional language.
Neonatal microbiome in the multiomics era: development and its impact on long-term health
The neonatal microbiome has been the focus of considerable research over the past two decades and studies have added fascinating information in terms of early microbial patterns and how these relate to various disease processes. One difficulty with the interpretation of these relationships is that such data is associative and provides little in terms of proof of causality or the underpinning mechanisms. Integrating microbiome data with other omics such as the proteome, inflammatory mediators, and the metabolome is an emerging approach to address this gap. Here we discuss these omics, their integration, and how they can be applied to improve our understanding, treatment, and prevention of disease.
Ultrafast humidity sensor and transient humidity detections in high dynamic environments
Limited by the adsorption and diffusion rate of water molecules, traditional humidity sensors, such as those based on polymer electrolytes, porous ceramics, and metal oxides, typically have long response times, which hinder their application in monitoring transient humidity changes. Here we present an ultrafast humidity sensor with a millisecond-level response. The sensor is prepared by assembling monolayer graphene oxide quantum dots on silica microspheres using a simple electrostatic self-assembly technique. Benefiting from the joint action of the micro spheres and the ultrathin humidity-sensitive film, it displays the fastest response time (2.76 ms) and recovery time (12.4 ms) among electronic humidity sensors. With the ultrafast response of the sensor, we revealed the correlation between humidity changes in speech airflow and speech activities, demonstrated the noise immunity of humidity speech activity detection, confirmed the humidity shock caused by explosions, realized ultrahigh frequency respiratory monitoring, and verified the effect of humidity-triggering in the non-invasive ventilator. This ultrafast humidity sensor has broad application prospects in monitoring transient humidity changes.
Positive impact of sodium L-lactate supplementation on blood acid-base status in preterm newborns
Preclinical studies indicate that lactate is a crucial cerebral energy substrate, with Na-L-lactate administration significantly reducing brain lesion volumes and improving motor and cognitive functions following neonatal hypoxia-ischemia in rat pups. Its neuroprotective effects are linked to neuronal metabolic utilization, making it a promising candidate for treating newborns with hypoxia-ischemia encephalopathy, a condition where hypothermia remains the only established therapy. However, before initiating a clinical trial, it is necessary to assess the effects of Na-L-lactate infusion on blood parameters.
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