Bile acid metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus
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Multiple long-term conditions as the next transition in the global diabetes epidemic
Several transitions, or new patterns and dynamics in the contributors and health outcomes, have altered the character and burden of the multi-decade, worldwide growth in prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). These changes have led to different needs for prevention and care. These dynamics have been driven by diverse demographic, socio-economic, behavioural, and health system response factors. In this Perspective, we describe these transitions and how their attributes have set the stage for multimorbidity, or multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs), to be the next major challenge in the diabetes epidemic. We also describe how the timing and character of these stages differ in high-, middle-, and low-income countries. These challenges call for innovation and a stronger focus on MLTCs across the spectrum of cause, effectiveness, and implementation studies to guide prevention and treatment priorities.
Crosstalk between gut microbiotas and fatty acid metabolism in colorectal cancer
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Exploring metabolic reprogramming in esophageal cancer: the role of key enzymes in glucose, amino acid, and nucleotide pathways and targeted therapies
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