Five ways to bridge the ‘know–do’ continuum in global health
Related Articles
A network analysis of postpartum depression and mother-to-infant bonding shows common and unique symptom-level connections across three postpartum periods
Postpartum depression and mother-to-infant bonding difficulties (MIBD), two issues crucial to maternal and infant mental health, often coexist and affect each other. Our study aims to dissect their complex relationship through a graphical LASSO network analysis of individual symptoms in 5594 Japanese postpartum women, whose geographical distribution was nationally representative. We identified ‘fear’, ‘enjoyment’, ‘overwhelm’, and ‘insomnia’ as common bridge symptoms linking postpartum depression and MIBD across three distinct postpartum periods. Moreover, ‘self-harm’ emerged as a bridge symptom in the first 6 months and the 7–12 month period, while ‘laugh’ was a bridge symptom in the first 6 months and the 13–24 month period. Notably, ‘self-blame’ was identified as a unique bridge symptom specific to the 13–24 month period. Our analysis highlights the complexities of symptom connectivity across postpartum stages and underscores the critical need for interventions that address both common and stage-specific bridge symptoms to effectively support maternal mental health and strengthen mother-to-infant bonding.
Photometric detection at 7.7 μm of a galaxy beyond redshift 14 with JWST/MIRI
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has spectroscopically confirmed numerous galaxies at z > 10. While weak rest-frame ultraviolet emission lines have only been seen in a handful of sources, the stronger rest-frame optical emission lines are highly diagnostic and accessible at mid-infrared wavelengths with the Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) of JWST. We report the photometric detection of the distant spectroscopically confirmed galaxy JADES-GS-z14-0 at (z=14.3{2}_{-0.20}^{+0.08}) with MIRI at 7.7 μm. The most plausible solution for the stellar-population properties is that this galaxy contains half a billion solar masses in stars with a strong burst of star formation in the most recent few million years. For this model, at least one-third of the flux at 7.7 μm originates from the rest-frame optical emission lines Hβ and/or [O iii]λλ4959, 5007. The inferred properties of JADES-GS-z14-0 suggest rapid mass assembly and metal enrichment during the earliest phases of galaxy formation. This work demonstrates the unique power of mid-infrared observations in understanding galaxies at the redshift frontier.
Arctic bacterial diversity and connectivity in the coastal margin of the Last Ice Area
Arctic climate change is leading to sea-ice attrition in the Last Ice Area along the northern coast of Canada and Greenland, but less attention has been given to the associated land-based ecosystems. Here we evaluated bacterial community structure in a hydrologically coupled cryo-ecosystem in the region: Thores Glacier, proglacial Thores Lake, and its outlet to the sea. Deep amplicon sequencing revealed that Polaromonas was ubiquitous, but differed genetically among diverse niches. Surface glacier-ice was dominated by Cyanobacteria, while the perennially ice-capped, well-mixed water column of Thores Lake had a unique assemblage of Chloroflexi, Actinobacteriota, and Planctomycetota. Species richness increased downstream, but glacier microbes were little detected in the lake, suggesting strong taxonomic sorting. Ongoing climate change and the retreat of Thores Glacier would lead to complete drainage and loss of the lake microbial ecosystem, indicating the extreme vulnerability of diverse cryohabitats and unique microbiomes in the Last Ice coastal margin.
Revealing the mechanism of cold metal transfer
Cold metal transfer (CMT) is a pioneering feeding system widely used in wire-arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) and welding. However, process optimisation remains challenging. Although CMT has been extensively applied in various industrial sectors, its underlying mechanism is poorly understood because of the complex physics of the interactions between the wire and molten material and the wire’s highly dynamic motion. To elucidate the complexity and features of CMT, we explore the dynamic behaviour and anatomy of molten materials during wire motions (withdrawal and dipping cycles) using high-speed photography at a timescale of microseconds. We reveal a crucial driving force in the melt pool and the frequent ejection of streams or particles during CMT. This study contributes to WAAM and welding by presenting the influential features of ultra-high-dynamics CMT and facilitating the progression of process optimisation.
Neuroinflammatory fluid biomarkers in patients with Alzheimer’s disease: a systematic literature review
Neuroinflammation is associated with both early and late stages of the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Fluid biomarkers are gaining significance in clinical practice for diagnosis in presymptomatic stages, monitoring, and disease prognosis. This systematic literature review (SLR) aimed to identify fluid biomarkers for neuroinflammation related to clinical stages across the AD continuum and examined long-term outcomes associated with changes in biomarkers.
Responses