From data chaos to precision medicine
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Aerospace medicine in China: advancements and perspectives
With the rapid growth of China’s space industry, long-term manned space missions face challenges from the complex space environment, posing risks to human health. Aerospace medicine, a key field, addresses these risks by researching the impacts of space on biochemical changes, cognitive abilities, and immune systems. This article reviews China’s aerospace medicine research, summarizing efforts from various institutions and offering insights for future developments in the field.
International Precision Child Health Partnership (IPCHiP): an initiative to accelerate discovery and improve outcomes in rare pediatric disease
Advances in genomic technologies have revolutionized the diagnosis of rare genetic diseases, leading to the emergence of precision therapies. However, there remains significant effort ahead to ensure the promise of precision medicine translates to improved outcomes. Here, we discuss the challenges in advancing precision child health and highlight how international collaborations such as the International Precision Child Health Partnership, which embed research into clinical care, can maximize benefits for children globally.
Engineering bone/cartilage organoids: strategy, progress, and application
The concept and development of bone/cartilage organoids are rapidly gaining momentum, providing opportunities for both fundamental and translational research in bone biology. Bone/cartilage organoids, essentially miniature bone/cartilage tissues grown in vitro, enable the study of complex cellular interactions, biological processes, and disease pathology in a representative and controlled environment. This review provides a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the field, focusing on the strategies for bone/cartilage organoid construction strategies, progresses in the research, and potential applications. We delve into the significance of selecting appropriate cells, matrix gels, cytokines/inducers, and construction techniques. Moreover, we explore the role of bone/cartilage organoids in advancing our understanding of bone/cartilage reconstruction, disease modeling, drug screening, disease prevention, and treatment strategies. While acknowledging the potential of these organoids, we discuss the inherent challenges and limitations in the field and propose potential solutions, including the use of bioprinting for organoid induction, AI for improved screening processes, and the exploration of assembloids for more complex, multicellular bone/cartilage organoids models. We believe that with continuous refinement and standardization, bone/cartilage organoids can profoundly impact patient-specific therapeutic interventions and lead the way in regenerative medicine.
Acoustic frequency comb generation on a composite diamond/silicon microcantilever in ambient air
Acoustic frequency combs (AFCs) contain equidistant coherent signals with unconventional possibilities on metrology. Previously, implementation of AFCs on mechanical microresonators with large air damping loss is difficult, which restricted their atmospheric applications. In this work, we explore the potentials of a composite diamond/silicon microcantilever for parametric generation of AFCs in ambient air. We discover that the diamond layer provides a viable route to reduce the linewidth of the primary flexural mode, yielding a 7.1-times increase of the quality factor. We develop a parametric driving scheme that enables generation of AFCs through injection locking and sequential nonlinear dynamic transitions involving subharmonic synchronization (Arnold tongue), and chaotic dynamics. Ultimately, we realize AFCs with a frequency range extending 800 kHz in the air. This work advances the understanding of AFCs and provides a viable route towards their applications in ambient air for high precision metrology.
Enhancing precision agriculture through cloud based transformative crop recommendation model
Modern agriculture relies more on technology to boost food production. It aims to improve both the quality and quantity of food. This paper introduces a novel TCRM (Transformative Crop Recommendation Model). It uses advanced machine learning and cloud platforms to give personalized crop recommendations. Unlike traditional methods, TCRM uses real-time data. It includes environmental and agronomic factors to optimize recommendations. The system has SMS alerts for remote farmers. It outperforms baseline algorithms like Logistic Regression, KNN(k-nearest neighbor), and AdaBoost. TCRM empowers farmers with actionable insights, reducing resource wastage while boosting yield. By offering region-specific recommendations, it enhances profitability and promotes sustainable agricultural practices. The model has 94% accuracy, 94.46% precision, and 94% recall. Its F1 score is 93.97%. The fivefold cross-validation score is 97.67%. These findings show that the model can improve precision farming. It can make agriculture more sustainable and efficient.
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