Sustainable, planetary healthy dietary patterns are associated with lower 20-year incidence of cardiovascular disease: the ATTICA study (2002–2022)
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Sustainable supply chain management practices and performance: The moderating effect of stakeholder pressure
Currently, sustainable supply chain management practices have become an important strategy for firms to improve performance and gain competitive advantage. However, there is a current debate over the performance outcomes of sustainable supply chain management practices. Additionally, the role of stakeholder pressure is frequently overlooked. Drawing on Natural Resources-Based View and Stakeholder Theory, this study aims to elucidate the ambiguous connection between sustainable supply management, sustainable process management, stakeholder pressure and performance, and investigate the mediation role of sustainable process management and the moderation effect of stakeholder pressure. Our analysis, based on data collected from 235 Chinese manufacturing firms, reveals significant insights. First, stakeholder pressure positively moderates the relationship between sustainable process management and performance, while negatively moderates the relationship between sustainable supply management and performance. Second, sustainable process management has a complete mediation effect on the relationship between sustainable supply management and performance. The conclusion not only explains the inconsistent relationship between sustainable supply chain management practice and performance, but also reveals clearly the relationship between sustainable supply management and sustainable process management. Besides, it also highlights the difference in performance outcomes of sustainable supply management and sustainable process management under stakeholder pressures, and has valuable guidance to the practice of sustainable supply chain management in Chinese manufacturing firms.
Multi-dimensional evidence from the UK Biobank shows the impact of diet and macronutrient intake on aging
The role of diet in aging is crucial, yet research findings on how specific diets influence human aging remain inconsistent. Understanding the relationship between dietary factors and aging could inform interventions to promote healthier aging outcomes.
Risk prediction score and equation for progression of arterial stiffness using Japanese longitudinal health examination data
The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is useful for evaluating arterial stiffness. No longitudinal studies have examined the association between multiple arterial stiffness risk factors and increased baPWV. We sought to identify factors associated with baPWV ≥1400 cm/s within 5 years and create an equation and simple risk score to predict its occurrence, using data from a large-scale Japanese health examination database. Of 10,284 participants aged 30–69 years for whom follow-up data were available over a 5-year period, 3394 men and 2710 women with baseline baPWV<1400 cm/s were analyzed. We used age, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR), fasting blood sugar (FBS), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), habitual exercise, habitual drinking, and smoking history as variables. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, baPWV≥1400 cm/s was associated significantly with age, BMI, SBP, DBP, HR, FBS, and TG in men and age, SBP, DBP, HR, and smoking history in women. A prediction score based on these factors yielded an area under the curve (AUC) for the 5-year incidence of baPWV≥1400 cm/s of 0.68 for men and 0.71 for women. Furthermore, a risk prediction equation for the 5-year incidence of baPWV≥1400 cm/s showed an AUC = 0.71 for men and 0.77 for women. The prediction equation and a simple prediction score are easy to implement clinically. The predictive ability of these scores and equations for arterial stiffness should be validated in prospective studies.
Dietary protein restriction elevates FGF21 levels and energy requirements to maintain body weight in lean men
Dietary protein restriction increases energy expenditure and enhances insulin sensitivity in mice. However, the effects of a eucaloric protein-restricted diet in healthy humans remain unexplored. Here, we show in lean, healthy men that a protein-restricted diet meeting the minimum protein requirements for 5 weeks necessitates an increase in energy intake to uphold body weight, regardless of whether proteins are replaced with fats or carbohydrates. Upon reverting to the customary higher protein intake in the following 5 weeks, energy requirements return to baseline levels, thus preventing weight gain. We also show that fasting plasma FGF21 levels increase during protein restriction. Proteomic analysis of human white adipose tissue and in FGF21-knockout mice reveal alterations in key components of the electron transport chain within white adipose tissue mitochondria. Notably, in male mice, these changes appear to be dependent on FGF21. In conclusion, we demonstrate that maintaining body weight during dietary protein restriction in healthy, lean men requires a higher energy intake, partially driven by FGF21-mediated mitochondrial adaptations in adipose tissue.
Periodontitis impacts on thrombotic diseases: from clinical aspect to future therapeutic approaches
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease initiated by biofilm microorganisms and mediated by host immune imbalance. Uncontrolled periodontal infections are the leading cause of tooth loss in adults. Thrombotic diseases can lead to partial or complete obstruction of blood flow in the circulatory system, manifesting as organ or tissue ischemia and necrosis in patients with arterial thrombosis, and local edema, pain and circulatory instability in patients with venous thrombosis, which may lead to mortality or fatality in severe case. Recent studies found that periodontitis might enhance thrombosis through bacterial transmission or systemic inflammation by affecting platelet-immune cell interactions, as well as the coagulation, and periodontal therapy could have a prophylactic effect on patients with thrombotic diseases. In this review, we summarized clinical findings on the association between periodontitis and thrombotic diseases and discussed several novel prothrombotic periodontitis-related agents, and presented a perspective to emphasize the necessity of oral health management for people at high risk of thrombosis.
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